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Category: Imaging

  • Hyperpolarization Research: Unveiling Real-Time Metabolism

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    Josh
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    Abstract: Hyperpolarization (HP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) have revolutionized the field of molecular imaging by dramatically enhancing the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for low-gamma nuclei, particularly carbon-13 ($^{13}$C). This transient yet powerful signal boost allows for the real-time, non-invasive interrogation of metabolic pathways and physiological processes in vivo at unprecedented…

  • Beyond the Bond: Unveiling Molecular Architecture with the Nuclear Overhauser Effect

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    Josh
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    Table of Contents The Quantum Engine: Theory and Mechanisms of the NOE Nuclear Spin Dynamics and Energy Levels: The Quantum Foundation of Magnetic Resonance Having introduced the fascinating ‘dipolar dance’ that underpins the Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE), we now pivot from the macroscopic observation of through-space communication to the fundamental quantum mechanical principles governing nuclear…

  • Summary of MRI Advances

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    Josh
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    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) stands as a cornerstone in modern diagnostic medicine, offering unparalleled non-invasive visualization of the body’s internal structures and functions, particularly soft tissues. Its ability to provide detailed anatomical images without relying on ionizing radiation distinguishes it from other modalities like X-rays and Computed Tomography (CT) (National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and…

  • Machine Learning in Medical Imaging

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    Josh
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    Table of Contents Chapter 1: The Promise of AI in Medical Imaging: An Introduction 1.1 The Evolution of Medical Imaging: From Analogue to Digital and Beyond The journey of medical imaging is a fascinating narrative of scientific discovery, technological innovation, and an unwavering commitment to improving patient care. From the serendipitous observation of X-rays to…

  • Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI: Principles, Techniques, and Applications

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    Josh
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    Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to Hyperpolarization and Carbon-13 MRI: A Paradigm Shift in Molecular Imaging 1.1 Historical Context and Limitations of Conventional MRI and PET: Paving the Way for Molecular Imaging Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have revolutionized medical diagnostics, providing invaluable insights into human anatomy and physiology.…

  • Carbon-13 MRI

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: A Silent Revolution: Introducing Carbon-13 MRI and its Potential 1.1 The Metabolic Landscape: A Rationale for C-13 MRI – Briefly discuss the importance of metabolism in health and disease, limitations of current metabolic imaging techniques (e.g., PET with FDG), and the specific advantages of targeting carbon metabolism for improved diagnostics and understanding of…

  • Signals and Statistics of Medical Imaging

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: Setting the Stage: Probability Theory and Random Variables in Medical Imaging 1.1: Introduction to Probability and Random Variables: Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Medical Imaging. This section will introduce the fundamental concepts of probability theory, including sample spaces, events, probability axioms, conditional probability, and independence. It will then bridge the gap to…

  • Seeing is Believing: A Comprehensive Guide to Vision Machine Learning

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: The Vision Machine: An Introduction to Computer Vision and Machine Learning 1.1 A Historical Journey: From Biological Vision to Artificial Perception The human visual system is a marvel of biological engineering, a testament to millions of years of evolution. To truly understand the ambition and challenges of computer vision, it’s essential to appreciate…

  • Resonance: A Mathematical Foundation of NMR Spectroscopy and Chemical Structure

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Chemical Perspective 1.1 The Chemical Origins of NMR: Connecting Molecular Structure to Spectroscopic Parameters Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has become an indispensable tool for chemists across diverse fields, from elucidating the structure of complex natural products to probing the dynamics of biological macromolecules. Its power lies…

  • MRI Pulse Sequences and Mathematics

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: Laying the Foundation: A Review of Linear Algebra and Signal Processing for MRI 1.1 Vector Spaces, Linear Transformations, and Basis Functions in MRI: Exploring k-space as a Vector Space and the Fourier Transform as a Linear Transformation In the realm of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), a profound understanding of linear algebra is not…

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Dive into its Physics

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    Josh
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    Chapter 1: The Quantum Underpinnings: A Journey into Nuclear Spin and Magnetic Moments 1. The Intrinsic Angular Momentum: Demystifying Nuclear Spin and its Quantization At the heart of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) lies a fundamental property of atomic nuclei known as nuclear spin. Unlike the classical notion of a spinning top, nuclear spin is an…

  • Multi-modal Data for Medical Imaging

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    Section 1.1: Introduction to the Multi-modal Paradigm Subsection 1.1.1: Defining Multi-modal Imaging Data in a Clinical Context In the rapidly evolving landscape of healthcare, the concept of multi-modal imaging data has emerged as a cornerstone for advanced diagnostics and personalized medicine. At its core, “multi-modal” refers to the integration of information from several distinct sources…

  • Machine Learning in Medical Imaging – A Review

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    Josh
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    Section 1.1: The Evolution of Medical Imaging and Diagnosis Subsection 1.1.1: Historical Context of Medical Imaging Technologies Subsection 1.1.1: Historical Context of Medical Imaging Technologies The story of medical imaging is a fascinating journey of scientific discovery and technological innovation, fundamentally transforming our ability to peer inside the human body without invasive procedures. For centuries,…

  • Machine Learning Networks For Medical Imaging – A Review

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    Josh
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    Table of Contents Introduction: The Dawn of AI in Medical Diagnostics The relentless pursuit of enhanced diagnostic accuracy and efficiency has long been a cornerstone of medical advancement. In recent decades, medical imaging has emerged as an indispensable pillar of modern healthcare, providing unparalleled insights into the human body’s intricate internal structures. However, the exponential…

  • Medicine: Deep Learning

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    Josh
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    Table of Contents 1. Introduction: The Dawn of a New Diagnostic Era 1. Introduction: The Dawn of a New Diagnostic Era Medical imaging stands as a cornerstone of modern clinical practice, providing non-invasive windows into human anatomy and physiology that are indispensable for diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. Modalities such as Computed Tomography (CT),…